A naked bailment of goods to be kept for the depositor without reward, and to be returned when he shall require it Jones, Bailm. 36, 117; National Bank v. Washington County Bank, 6 Hun (N. Y.) 607- Payne v. Gardiner, 29 N. Y. 167; Montgomery v. Evans, 8 Ga. 180;
More... A naked bailment of goods to be kept for the depositor without reward, and to be returned when he shall require it Jones, Bailm. 36, 117; National Bank v. Washington County Bank, 6 Hun (N. Y.) 607- Payne v. Gardiner, 29 N. Y. 167; Montgomery v. Evans, 8 Ga. 180; Rozelle v. Rhodes, 116 Pa. 129, 9 Atl. 160, 2 Am. St Rep. 591; In re Patterson, 18 Hun (N. Y.) 222.
A bailment of goods to be kept by the bailee without reward, and delivered according to the object or purpose of the original trust Story, Bailm. ? 41.
A deposit, in general, is an act by which a person receives the property of another; binding himself to preserve it and return it In kind. Civ. Code La. art. 2926.
When chattels are delivered by one person to another to keep for the use of the. bailor, it is called a "deposit." Code Ga. 188% S 2103.
The word is also sometimes used to designate money lodged with a person as an ear-pest or security for the performance of some contract to be forfeited if the depositor falls in his undertaking.
Classification. According to the classification of the civil law, deposits are of the following several sorts: (1) Necessary, made upon some sudden emergency, and from some pressing necessity; as, for Instance, in case of a fire, a shipwreck, or other overwhelming calamity, when property is confided to any person whom the depositor may meet without proper opportunity for reflection or choice, and thence it is called "mis-erabile depositum" (2) Voluntary, which arises from the mere consent and agreement of the parties. Civ. Code La. art 2964; Dig. 16, 3, 2; Story, Bailm. ? 44. The common law bas made no such division. There is another class of deposits called "involuntary," which may be without the assent or even knowledge of the depositor; as lumber, etc., left upon another's land by the subsidence of a flood. Tbe civilians again divide deposits into "simple deposits," made by one or more persons having a common interest, and "sequestrations," made by one or more persons, eaph of whom has a different and adverse interest in controversy touching, it; and these last are of two sorts, -"conventional," or such aa are made by the mere agreement of the parties without any judicial act; and "judicial," or such as are made by order of a court in the course of some proceeding. Civ. Code La. art 2979.
There is another class of deposits called "irregular," as when a person, having a sum of money which he does not think safe in his own hands, confides it to another, who is to return to him, not the same money, but a like sum when he shall demand it Poth. du Depot 82, 83; Story, Bailm. ? 84. regular deposit is a strict or special deposit; a deposit which must be returned in spe* cie; i. e., the thing deposited must be returned. A quasi deposit is a kind of implied or involuntary deposit, which takes place where a party comes lawfully to.the itossession of another person's property, by finding it Story, Bailm. f 85. Particularly with reference to money, deposits are also classed as general or special. A general de* posit is where the money deposited Is not it* self to be returned, but an equivalent la money (that is, a like sum) is to be returned* It Is equivalent to a loan, and the money deposited becomes the property of the depositary. Insurance Co. v. Landers, 43 Ala; 138.. A special deposit is a deposit in which the identical thing deposited is to be returned to the depositor. The particular object of this kind of deposit is safe-keeping. Koettlng v. State, 88 Wis. 502, 60 N. W. 822. In banking law, this kind of deposit is contrasted with a "general" deposit, as above: but In the civil law it is the antithesis of an "irregular" deposit. A gratuitous or naked deposit is a bailment of goods to be kept for the depositor without hire or reward on either side, or one for which the depositary receives no consideration beyond the mere possession of the thing deposited. Civ. Code Ga. 1895, f 2921; Civ. Code Cal. | 1844. Properly and originally, all deposits are of this description; for according to the Roman law, a bailment of goods for which hire or a price is to be paid, is not called "depositum" but "locatio/! If the owner of the property pays for its custody or care, it is a "locatio custodhe;" if, on the other hand, the bailee pays for the use of it, it is "locatio rei." (See LOCATIO.) But in the modern law of those states which have been influenced by the Roman Jurisprudence, a gratuitous or naked deposit is distinguished from a "deposit for hire," in which the bailee is to be paid for his services in keeping the article. Civ. Code Cal. 1903. f 1851; Civ. Code Ga. 1895, $ 2921.
In banking law. The act of placing or lodging money in the custody of a bank or banker, for safety or convenience, to be withdrawn at the will of the depositor or under rules and regulations agreed on; also the money so deposited.
General and special deposits. Deposits of money in a bank are either general or special.
A general deposit (the ordinary form) is one which is to be repaid on demand, in whole or in part as called for, in any current money, not the same pieces of money deposited. In this case, the title to the money deposited passes to the bank, which becomes debtor to the depositor for the amount. A special deposit is one in which the depositor is entitled to the return of the identical thing deposited (gold, bullion, securities, etc.) and the title to the property remains in him, the deposit being usually made only for purposes of safe-keeping. Shipman v. State Bank, 59 Hun, 621, 13 N. Y. Supp. 475; State v. Clark, 4 Ind. 315; Brahm v. Adkins, 77 111. 263; Marine Bank v. Fulton Bank, 2 Wall. 252,17 L. Ed. 785. There is also a specif' ic deposit, which exists where money or property is given to a bank for some specific and particular purpose, as a note for collection, money to pay a particular note, or property for some other specific purpose. Officer v. Officer, 120 Iowa, 389, 94 N. W. 947, 98 Am. St. Rep. 365. --Deposit account. An account of sums lodged with a bank not to be drawn upon by cnecks, and usually not to be withdrawn except after a fixed notice.-Deposit company. A company whose business is the safe-keeping of securities or other valuables deposited in boxes pr safes in its building which are leased to the depositors.-Deposit of title-deeds. A method of pledging real property as security for a loan, by piscina the title-deeds of the land in the keeping of the lender as pledgee.
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